The Howard League for Penal Reform Journals

From visiting the Manchester University Library, I collected a few journal entries from the Howard League, which will be one of my main sources of information. After reading the first one, I don't feel it was necessary to write about as I need to cut my topic down! The second one was very useful however, as it gave me information for one of my potential questions: whether work in prisons is helping rehabilitation. It also gave me an overview of British Prisons throughout the ages and how they have progressed.

THE ENGLISH PRISON SYSTEM: A RETROSPEC AND AN ANTICIPATION
By M. Hamblin Smith, M.A., M.D.

• Old prisons were very 'militray in their character, retired naval and military officers handing out discipline, treating men in the mass rather than individuals
• It was assumed that sentences of imprisonment should have a detterent side, therefore attempts to make prison life as uncomfortable as possible
• Prison Labour: Jeremy Bentham, his "model prison" would be self-supporting, even profitable
• Keeping the prisoners employed freed them from idleness, traced back to the treadwheel that provided power for corn-mills,a circular saw, or a pump